Notes

• Run-Time Limits
  • Processor Time: 5 seconds;
  • Elapsed Time: 15 seconds;
  • Global Memory: 2 MB;
  • Stack Memory: 1 MB;
  • Code Memory: 1 MB;
  • Output to stdout: 1 MB.
• Data sizes
  • char is 8 bits, signed;
  • short int is 16 bits;
  • int is 32 bits;
  • long int is 32 bits;
  • long long int is 64 bits;
  • float is 32 bits: 23 mantissa, 8 exponent;
  • double is 64 bits: 52 mantissa, 11 exponent;
  • long double is 80 bits: 64 mantissa, 15 exponent, but occupies 12 bytes.
• Scanf and Printf formats
  • for char use %c;
  • for short int use %hd;
  • for int and long int use %d;
  • for long long int use %qd (not %lld);
  • for float use %f;
  • for double use %lf;
  • for long double use %Lf (not %llf).
• Forbidden Functions - the following operations cause immediate program termination:
  • Opening a file, pipe, or socket;
  • Creating a process;
  • Changing the action taken upon receipt of a signal.